The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is set to launch its latest geostationary weather satellite, GOES-U, on June 25, 2024, from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. This mission, the final installment in the GOES-R series, will dramatically advance weather observation and environmental monitoring technology.
Mission Objectives and Capabilities
GOES-U, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-U, which will be renamed GOES-19 once operational, is designed to provide critical atmospheric, hydrologic, oceanic, climatic, solar, and space data. This satellite will enhance NOAA’s ability to monitor weather systems, environmental hazards, and space weather phenomena across a vast region, including North America, Central and South America, the Caribbean, and parts of the Atlantic Ocean. GOES-19 will work alongside GOES-18 (GOES West) to cover more than half the globe, ensuring comprehensive and continuous data collection.
- Advanced Monitoring Capabilities: Equipped with advanced instruments that provide high-resolution imagery and atmospheric measurements. These capabilities enable real-time lightning mapping, improved weather forecasting, and detailed observation of environmental phenomena such as hurricanes, wildfires, and solar activity.
- Compact Coronagraph (CCOR): Will continuously monitor the sun’s corona. This instrument is crucial for predicting space weather events, such as coronal mass ejections, that can impact Earth’s technological infrastructure.
- Geostationary Position and Coverage: Will cover a sizable portion of the Western Hemisphere, including North America, Central and South America, the Caribbean, and parts of the Atlantic Ocean. It will work in tandem with GOES-18 (GOES West) to provide comprehensive and continuous data, ensuring that over half the globe is monitored for atmospheric and environmental changes.
One of the standout features of GOES-U is its Compact Coronagraph (CCOR) instrument, which will offer unprecedented continuous monitoring of the sun’s corona, aiding in the prediction of space weather events that can impact Earth’s technological systems (NESDIS) (NOAA) . The satellite’s advanced instruments will provide state-of-the-art imagery and atmospheric measurements, allowing for real-time lightning mapping and improved weather forecasting (NESDIS) (Space.com) .
Launch Vehicle: SpaceX Falcon Heavy
The GOES-U satellite will be launched aboard SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy rocket, renowned for its immense power and reliability. The Falcon Heavy, developed by SpaceX, is currently the world’s most powerful operational rocket, capable of lifting 64 metric tons (141,000 lbs.) into orbit. It operates with three boosters, each equipped with nine Merlin engines, providing a combined thrust of 5 million pounds at liftoff. This power enables Falcon Heavy to carry heavy payloads, such as the GOES-U satellite, into high orbits.
